Ball Python Care: Everything You Need to Know

Ball pythons (Python regius) are one of the most popular pet snakes due to their manageable size, docile temperament, and striking appearance. As with any pet, proper Ball Python care is essential to ensure they live a long, healthy life. Whether you are a first-time snake owner or an experienced reptile enthusiast, this guide provides you with everything you need to know about Ball Python care, including feeding, handling, shedding, habitat setup, and health maintenance.

Handling Ball Pythons Safely

Ball pythons are known for being calm and tolerant of handling, but it’s crucial to approach them gently. New owners should allow their snake time to adjust to their environment before frequently handling them.

• Start Slowly: Give your snake time to acclimate and avoid handling immediately after bringing them home.
• Avoid Stressful Situations: Avoid handling your Ball Python during shedding, as they may be more irritable and less receptive.
• Proper Handling Techniques: Always approach your snake calmly and avoid sudden movements. This will help reduce stress and allow for a safe interaction.
• Post-Feeding Care: Never handle your snake for 48-72 hours after feeding to avoid the risk of regurgitation.

Shedding and Skin Care

Shedding is a normal part of a Ball Python’s growth process, and understanding the shedding cycle is key to their overall well-being. Juvenile Ball Pythons shed roughly once a month, while adults shed a few times a year.

Signs of Shedding:

• Cloudy blue or green eyes
• Dull or whitish skin
• Decreased appetite and increased irritability
  

Shedding Support:

• Humidity: Maintain 70% humidity during shedding. This helps the snake shed in one complete piece.
• Hydration tools: Provide a shallow water bowl for soaking or use damp paper towels, sphagnum moss, or daily misting to aid the process.
• Shedding problems: If eye caps (spectacles) don’t come off, never attempt to remove them manually—consult a reptile vet.

Veterinary Care & Health Monitoring

Regular veterinary visits are vital for the long-term health of your Ball Python. A reptile-savvy veterinarian can help identify health issues early and offer guidance on maintaining a proper care routine.

Signs of a Healthy Ball Python:

• Clear eyes (except during shed)
• Smooth, intact skin
• Clean vent and mouth
• Active and alert behavior
• Regular feeding and shedding

Warning Signs – When to Call a Vet:

• Stuck shed or eye caps
• Cloudy or crusty eyes outside of shed
• Blisters, ulcers, or unusual bumps
• Mouth discharge or cheesy buildup
• Labored breathing or nose/mouth bubbles
• Loss of appetite for multiple sessions
• Lethargy or unusual hiding
• Vomiting or abnormal feces

Common Ball Python Health Issues

Condition	Symptoms	What to Do
Dermatitis	Blisters, crusty scabs; linked to improper humidity	Clean enclosure, consult vet, lower humidity
Respiratory Infections	Bubbles from nose/mouth, wheezing, lethargy	Keep warm/dry, consult vet
Stomatitis (Mouth Rot)	White buildup in mouth, tooth loss, appetite loss	Immediate veterinary care
Parasites (mites/ticks)	Visible bugs, itching, crusty skin	Disinfect enclosure, consult a vet
Tumors/Lumps	Lumps under the skin	Seek veterinary diagnosis
GI Obstruction	Swelling, vomiting, constipation	Vet visit required
Inclusion Body Disease	Severe neurological signs, often fatal	Immediate veterinary diagnosis and quarantine
Burns	Red or blistered skin from heat sources	Adjust heating, treat wounds under veterinary guidance

Diet and Feeding

Ball pythons are strict carnivores and feed exclusively on whole prey. A properly managed diet is crucial for their health and longevity.

What Do Ball Pythons Eat?

• Prey type: Frozen-thawed rodents like mice and rats. Occasionally, add variety with chicks, quail, or African soft-furred rats.
• Prey size: Should be roughly the same diameter as the snake’s midsection.
• Meal frequency:
  
  • Hatchlings (up to 5 weeks): every 5 days
    
  • Juveniles <200g: every 7 days
    
  • 200–300g: every 7–10 days
    
  • 350–500g: every 10–14 days
    
  • 500–1500g: every 2–3 weeks
    
  • Adults >1500g: every 4–6 weeks

Feeding Tips:

• Use tongs: Always feed with tongs, not hands.
• Thawing prey properly: Use warm water, never microwave. Always warm the prey to above room temperature before offering.
• Avoid live prey: Live rodents can injure your snake and should not be used unless absolutely necessary under supervision.

Supplements:

While rodents typically provide all necessary nutrients, occasionally dusting prey with a 50/50 calcium and multivitamin mix may help prevent deficiencies.

Enclosure and Habitat 

From the complete habitat guide, here are key takeaways to ensure your ball python’s environment supports their well-being:

• Tank size: Minimum 20-gallon for juveniles, 40 gallons+ for adults.
• Temperature: 88–92°F in basking area, 76–80°F on cool side.
• Humidity: 50–60% normally, 70% during shedding.
• Substrate: Coconut fiber, cypress mulch, or paper towels.
• Lighting: Ball pythons don’t require UVB but benefit from a day/night cycle.
• Water: Clean water should always be available in a shallow soaking bowl.

Ball Python Care FAQs

How big do ball pythons get?
Adult ball pythons can reach 3 to 5 feet in length, with females typically being larger.

How long do ball pythons live?
With proper care, they can live up to 30 years or more in captivity.

Do ball pythons bite?
They are usually docile, but any snake can bite when stressed or mistaking your hand for food—especially during shedding.

Are ball pythons venomous?
No, they are non-venomous constrictors.

How often do ball pythons shed?
Young snakes shed monthly; adults typically shed a few times per year.

How often should I feed my ball python?
Juveniles: weekly. Adults: every 1–2 weeks. Adjust based on weight and behavior.

Can ball pythons go without eating?
Yes, but extended fasting (especially outside of shedding or breeding season) may signal a health issue.

Are ball pythons nocturnal?
Yes, they are more active at night and usually prefer feeding in low-light conditions.

Final Thoughts

Caring for a ball python is a rewarding experience, but it requires a solid understanding of their physical and behavioral needs. With proper feeding, habitat, hygiene, and routine health checks, your ball python can thrive for decades. Always be observant of any changes in behavior or appearance, and don’t hesitate to consult a reptile vet when needed.

By staying informed and proactive, you’ll enjoy a healthy, happy, and curious companion for many years to come.